Prions are disease causing agents having abnormally folded proteins. Prions induce other healthy proteins to fold incorrectly, leaving patches of useless debris and holes that turn brains to sponge, resulting in death. The disease has an incubation period in cattle of up to eight years.

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All of the above.. Mad cow disease is a transmissible, slowly progressive, degenerative, and fatal disease affecting the central nervous system of adult cattle. It's related to a disease in humans called variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD). Both disorders are universally fatal brain diseases caused by a prion.

Prions are disease causing agents having abnormally folded proteins. Prions induce other healthy proteins to fold incorrectly, leaving patches of useless debris and holes that turn brains to sponge, resulting in death. The disease has an incubation period in cattle of up to eight years.

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