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Holotype is

1. Specimen used by author as nomenclature type.
2. Specimen referred alog with original description.
3. Duplicate of nomenclature type.
4. Specimen selected from original, when nomeclature type is missing.

Correct answer: Specimen used by author as nomenclature type.

Solution

A holotype is the one specimen designated by the author at the time of description as the name-bearing type. The other options describe different type categories: specimens cited with the description, duplicates, or a later-selected replacement.

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