Exams › NEET › Biology › Plant Kingdom
160 questions with worked solutions.
Q1. The diatomaceous earth is used to insulate boilers and steam pipes because
Answer: The wall of diatoms is made of silica
Diatomaceous earth comes from the fossilized remains of diatoms, whose cell walls are made of silica. Silica is a poor conductor of heat, so the material is useful for insulating boilers and steam pipes.
Q2. An example of Liliaceae family is
Answer: Tulip
Tulip is a classic member of the Liliaceae family, which includes many bulbous flowering plants. The other options belong to different families: lupin and soyabean are legumes, and petunia is in the Solanaceae family.
Q3. Humans and animals are dependent on plants.
Answer: Both A and B
Humans and animals depend on plants directly as food in many cases. They also depend on plants indirectly because plants produce oxygen and form the base of most food chains.
Q4. Which one is a wrong statement?
Answer: Haploid endosperm is typical feature of gymnosperms.
The wrong statement is the one about haploid endosperm in gymnosperms. Gymnosperms typically have a haploid female gametophyte as the nutritive tissue, while true endosperm is characteristic of angiosperms and is usually triploid after double fertilization.
Q5. Which of the following system of classification is based on gross morphology of plants?
Answer: Artificial system
The artificial system groups plants using one or a few readily visible characters, so it is based on gross morphology. Natural systems use many characters, while practical systems are designed for utility rather than classification principles.
Q6. Grouping of algae is based on
Answer: Pigments.
Algae are grouped mainly by the types of photosynthetic pigments they contain, because these pigments determine their color and help distinguish major algal divisions. Features like shape or colony formation are less fundamental for classification.
Answer: Botanical garden and herbarium
Botanical gardens conserve living plant collections outside their natural habitats, and herbaria preserve dried, labeled plant specimens for long-term study. Both support ex-situ conservation of plants, unlike zoological parks or museums which are mainly associated with animals or general collections.
Q8. The bright colours of ripe fruits are due to
Answer: Chromoplasts
Chromoplasts contain carotenoid pigments that give ripe fruits and flowers their bright red, orange, and yellow colors. Leucoplasts and amyloplasts are mainly storage plastids, while chloroplasts are green and involved in photosynthesis.
Q9. The seeds in gymnosperms are
Answer: Naked
Gymnosperms produce seeds that are not enclosed by a fruit; they remain exposed on cone scales or similar structures. That is why they are called “naked seed” plants.
Q10. Peat is formed form
Answer: Sphagnum
Sphagnum moss is the main peat-forming plant because it grows in wet, acidic bogs and its tissues decay very slowly. Over time, this partially decomposed material accumulates as peat.
Answer: In rhodophyceae, floridean starch is the stored food and the major pigments are chlorophyll a, d and phycoerythrin A. A is correct, but B and C are wrong. B. A and B are correct, but C is wrong. C. A and C are correct, but B is wrong.
Chlorophyceae store starch and mainly have chlorophyll a and b, so A is incorrect. Phaeophyceae store laminarin and mannitol, not laminaria, and their pigments are chlorophyll a and c, so B is incorrect. Rhodophyceae do store floridean starch and contain chlorophyll a, d, and phycoerythrin, so C is correct.
Q12. Pteridophyte called as stag's horn fern is
Answer: Platycerium
Platycerium is the genus commonly called stag's horn fern because its fronds resemble a stag's antlers. The other options are different pteridophytes with distinct forms and habitats.
Q13. Plants having vascular tissues but lacking seeds are
Answer: Pteridophyta
Pteridophyta are vascular plants because they have xylem and phloem, but they do not produce seeds. Instead, they reproduce by spores, which distinguishes them from gymnosperms and angiosperms.
Q14. In bryophytes and pteridophytes, transport of male gametes requires
Answer: Water
Bryophytes and pteridophytes have flagellated male gametes that must swim to reach the female gamete. This movement requires a film of water, so water is essential for fertilization in these groups.
Q15. Which of the following plants produces seeds but not flowers?
Answer: Pinus
Pinus is a gymnosperm, so it produces seeds but no flowers. Its seeds develop in cones rather than inside fruits formed from flowers.
Q16. Plants reproducing by spores such as mosses and ferns are grouped under the general term
Answer: Cryptogams
Cryptogams are plants that reproduce by spores and do not produce flowers or seeds. Mosses and ferns fit this broad group, whereas bryophytes are only one subgroup within it.
Q17. Largest sperms in the plant world are found in
Answer: Cycas
Cycas is a gymnosperm known for producing the largest sperm cells in the plant kingdom. Its male gametes are motile and exceptionally large compared with those of other listed plants.
Q18. Pinus differs from mango in having
Answer: ovules not enclosed in ovary
Pinus is a gymnosperm, so its ovules are not enclosed by an ovary. Mango is an angiosperm, where ovules are enclosed within the ovary of the flower.
Q19. Turpentine is obtained from
Answer: gymnospermous wood
Turpentine is distilled from resin obtained mainly from coniferous trees, which are gymnosperms. Angiosperms, pteridophytes, and ferns are not the usual source of turpentine.
Q20. The largest ovules, largest male and female gametes and largest plants are found among
Answer: gymnosperms
Gymnosperms are known for having the largest ovules and the largest male and female gametes among plants. They also include some of the largest plants, such as conifers, which fits all parts of the statement.