NEET Biology: Microbiology questions with solutions

Q1. Organisms called methanogens are most abundant in a

1. Hot spring
2. Sulphur rock
3. cattle yard
4. Polluted stream

Answer: cattle yard

Methanogens are archaea that produce methane under anaerobic conditions, especially in the digestive tracts of ruminants and in manure-rich environments. A cattle yard provides both abundant organic matter and low-oxygen conditions, making it ideal for them.

Q2. Which of the following Mycoplasma strains are harmful to the humans?

1. M.genitaliumm
2. M. Hominis
3. Mycoplasma pneumonia
4. All of the above

Answer: All of the above

Mycoplasma genitalium, Mycoplasma hominis, and Mycoplasma pneumoniae are all associated with human disease. Since each listed strain can be harmful to humans, the inclusive option is correct.

Q3. Assertion Archaebacteria are more similar to eukaryotes rather than eubacteria. Reason Archaean genome is more similar to eukaryotic genome rather than bacterial genome.

1. Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation for Assertion
2. Both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion
3. Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect
4. Both Assertion and Reason are incorrect

Answer: Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation for Assertion

Archaebacteria (archaea) share several molecular features with eukaryotes, especially in their genome and gene-expression machinery. Since the archaean genome is more similar to the eukaryotic genome than to the bacterial genome, it correctly explains why archaea are considered closer to eukaryotes.