NEET Biology: Biology - Plant Anatomy questions with solutions

Q1. After the secondary growth, the oldest layer of secondary phloem in a dicot stem is located

1. Just outside the vascular cambium
2. Just inside the vascular cambium
3. Just inside the vascular primary phloem
4. Just outside the secondary xylem

Answer: Just outside the secondary xylem

The vascular cambium produces secondary xylem toward the inside and secondary phloem toward the outside. As more xylem is added inward, the oldest secondary phloem ends up nearest the secondary xylem, just outside it.

Q2. In bryophytes, which part of archegonium encloses egg?

1. Neck
2. Cover cell
3. venter
4. Neck canal cell

Answer: venter

In bryophytes, the archegonium has a neck and a swollen basal venter. The egg cell is located in the venter, while the neck mainly serves as a channel for sperm entry.

Q3. The balloon like outgrowths of parenchyma in the lumen of a vessel are known as

1. Histogen
2. Tyloses
3. Phellogen
4. Tunica

Answer: Tyloses

Tyloses are balloon-like protrusions of parenchyma cells that extend through pits into the lumen of vessels, often blocking them. The other options are unrelated plant tissue terms.

Q4. In which of the following plant, the fruit is a drupe, seed coat is thin, embryo is inconspicuous and endosperm is edible?

1. Groundnut
2. Wheat
3. Apple
4. coconut

Answer: coconut

Coconut is a drupe: it has a fibrous outer layer, a hard stony shell, and a single seed inside. Its seed coat is thin, the embryo is small/inconspicuous, and the edible part is the endosperm (coconut water and kernel).