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Zeolites are crystalline solid structures made up of silicon, aluminium and oxygen making a framework with cavities.

1. Zeolites have SiO4^4- and AlO4^5- tetrahedrons linked together in a 3-D open structure in which 4 or 6 membered rings predominate. Due to open structure they have cavities and can take up water and other small molecules.
2. 6HF + SiO2 -> H2SiF6 + 2H2O.
3. In graphite, each carbon is sp2-hybridized and the single-occupied unhybridized p-orbital of C-atoms overlap sideways to give π-electron cloud which is delocalized and thus the electrons are spread out between the structure.
4. In diamond, each carbon atom is sp3 hybridized and thus, forms covalent bonds with four other carbon atoms lying at the corners of a regular tetrahedron.

Correct answer: Zeolites have SiO4^4- and AlO4^5- tetrahedrons linked together in a 3-D open structure in which 4 or 6 membered rings predominate. Due to open structure they have cavities and can take up water and other small molecules.

Solution

Zeolites are a type of microporous, aluminosilicate mineral. They have a three-dimensional framework structure made up of silicon and aluminum atoms, which creates cavities that can hold water and other small molecules.

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