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For the given cell ; Cu(s)|Cu2+ (C1 M)|Cu2+ (C2 M)|Cu(s) change in Gibbs energy (ΔG) is negative, if :

1. (1) C1 = 2C2
2. (2) C2 = C1/√2
3. (3) C1 = C2
4. (4) C2 = √2C1

Correct answer: (1) C1 = 2C2

Solution

The change in Gibbs energy (ΔG) is negative when the reaction is spontaneous, which occurs when the concentration of the reactants is higher than that of the products. In this case, if C1 is twice C2, it indicates a greater driving force for the reaction to proceed in the forward direction, thus making ΔG negative.

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