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Which of the following statements are true? (i) In the Sandmeyer reaction, groups such as Cl, Br and CN are introduced into a benzene ring in the presence of Cu+ ions. (ii) In the Gattermann reaction, substitution into the benzene ring occurs in the presence of copper powder and HCl. (iii) The yield obtained in the Gattermann reaction is better than that in the Sandmeyer reaction.

1. (i) and (ii)
2. (i), (ii) and (iii)
3. (ii) and (iii)
4. (i) and (iii)

Correct answer: (i) and (iii)

Solution

Statement (i) is correct because the Sandmeyer reaction indeed uses Cu+ ions to introduce halogens or cyanide into a benzene ring. Statement (iii) is also accurate as the Gattermann reaction typically yields lower results compared to the Sandmeyer reaction, making the combination of (i) and (iii) the correct choice.

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