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The incorrect statement about the imperfections in solids is: (1) Schottky defect decreases the density of the substance. (2) Interstitial defect increases the density of the substance. (3) Frenkel defect does not alter the density of the substance. (4) Vacancy defect increases the density of the substance.

1. (1) Schottky defect decreases the density of the substance.
2. (2) Interstitial defect increases the density of the substance.
3. (3) Frenkel defect does not alter the density of the substance.
4. (4) Vacancy defect increases the density of the substance.

Correct answer: (4) Vacancy defect increases the density of the substance.

Solution

A vacancy defect occurs when an atom is missing from its lattice site, which actually decreases the overall density of the solid, making option (4) incorrect.

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