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Consider the reaction sequence: CH3CH2OH is treated with P and I2 to give A, A is then reacted with Mg in dry ether to form B, B is allowed to react with HCHO to produce C, and C on hydrolysis with water gives D. What is D?

1. propanal
2. butanal
3. n-butyl alcohol
4. n-propyl alcohol

Correct answer: n-propyl alcohol

Solution

The reaction sequence starts with ethanol (CH3CH2OH) which, when treated with phosphorus and iodine, undergoes a halogenation to form an alkyl iodide. This alkyl iodide then reacts with magnesium to form a Grignard reagent, which upon reaction with formaldehyde (HCHO) produces a primary alcohol. Hydrolysis of this product yields n-propyl alcohol, confirming that D is n-propyl alcohol.

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