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Which of the following statements are true? (i) In the Sandmeyer reaction, groups such as Cl, Br and CN are introduced into a benzene ring in the presence of Cu+ ions. (ii) In the Gattermann reaction, substitution into the benzene ring occurs in the presence of copper powder and HCl. (iii) The yield obtained in the Gattermann reaction is better than that in the Sandmeyer reaction.

1. (i) and (ii)
2. (i), (ii) and (iii)
3. (ii) and (iii)
4. (i) and (iii)

Correct answer: (i) and (ii)

Solution

Sandmeyer (Cu+ salts, introducing Cl/Br/CN) and Gattermann (Cu powder + HX) are both correct descriptions. However the Sandmeyer reaction gives better yields than the Gattermann reaction, so (iii) is false and only (i) and (ii) are true.

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