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For Sb2S3 sol, which electrolyte will act as the most efficient coagulating agent among Na2SO4, CaCl2, Al2(SO4)3 and NH4Cl?

1. Na2SO4
2. CaCl2
3. Al2(SO4)3
4. NH4Cl

Correct answer: Al2(SO4)3

Solution

Sb2S3 sol is negatively charged, so the cation determines coagulation. By the Hardy-Schulze rule the highest cationic charge is most effective: Al3+ (from Al2(SO4)3) is the most efficient coagulant.

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