Exams › JEE Advanced › Physics

A cubical block floats in a liquid with one-third of its volume submerged. The entire system (block plus liquid container) is then accelerated upward with acceleration g/2. Which of the following statements is correct?

1. the fraction of volume immersed in the liquid will change.
2. the buoyancy force on the block will change.
3. the buoyancy force will increase by 50 percent.
4. the pressure in the liquid will increase.

Correct answer: the pressure in the liquid will increase.

Solution

Upward acceleration increases effective gravity to g(1 + 1/2). Both the block's apparent weight and the buoyant force scale by the same factor, so the immersed fraction (one-third) is unchanged. The buoyancy force does increase in magnitude but only because effective g rises; the immersed fraction is fixed. The hydrostatic pressure at any depth, rho*g_eff*depth, increases. The cleanest correct statement is that the pressure in the liquid increases.

Related JEE Advanced Physics questions

• A capillary tube with a square-shaped internal cross-section, each side of length 'a', is inserted vertically into a liquid of density ρ and surface tension σ. If the liquid adheres to the tube walls with a contact angle θ, approximately how high will the liquid rise inside the tube? (Ignore the surface tension effects at the corners of the tube.)
• A hot air balloon with a total mass of 480 kg, including passengers and 1 kg sandbags, is floating steadily at a height of 100 m. The balloon's buoyancy is determined by its fixed volume, V. If N sandbags are removed, the balloon ascends to a stable height of approximately 150 m. The air density changes with altitude according to ρ(h) = ρ₀e⁻ʰ/ʰ₀, where ρ₀ = 1.25 kg/m³ and h₀ = 6000 m. What is the value of N?
• A container accelerates horizontally to the left with acceleration g/2. A uniform rod of length L is partially submerged vertically in a liquid contained in the accelerating container. The density of the liquid is rho and the density of the rod is rho/2. If the length of the rod submerged in the liquid is sqrt(a/b)*L, where a and b are the least positive integers (in lowest terms), find (a + b).
• A vertical U-tube (communicating tube) contains a liquid of density rho and surface tension T. The tube has inner radius r. When the entire system accelerates horizontally with acceleration a, the pressure at point A (at the liquid surface in the left arm, taking the meniscus correction into account) is given by which of the following expressions? (Take atmospheric pressure as P0, and assume the contact angle is 0 deg.)
• A space 2.5 cm wide between two large parallel plane surfaces is filled with oil. The force required to drag a very thin plate of area 0.5 m² at a speed of 0.5 m/s, placed exactly midway between the two surfaces, is 1 N. Find the coefficient of viscosity of the oil.
• A ball of mass 10 kg and density 1 g/cm³ is attached to the base of a container by a spring (spring constant k = 200 N/m). The container is filled with a liquid of density 1.1 g/cm³. The entire system accelerates upward at 2 m/s². Find the elongation (extension) of the spring. (Take g = 10 m/s²)

⚔️ Practice JEE Advanced Physics free + battle 1v1 →