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Match the electromagnetic radiation types in List I with their primary applications in List II: List I: (P) Ultraviolet rays, (Q) Microwaves, (R) Infrared waves, (S) X-rays List II: (i) Study of crystal structure, (ii) Greenhouse effect, (iii) Sterilizing surgical instruments, (iv) Radar systems

1. P->iii; Q->iv; R->ii; S->i
2. P->iii; Q->i; R->ii; S->iv
3. P->iv; Q->i; R->ii; S->iii
4. P->ii; Q->iii; R->i; S->iv

Correct answer: P->iii; Q->iv; R->ii; S->i

Solution

Ultraviolet (UV) radiation is used to sterilize surgical instruments due to its germicidal properties (iii). Microwaves are used in RADAR (Radio Detection And Ranging) systems (iv). Infrared waves are absorbed by CO2 and water vapor, contributing to the greenhouse effect (ii). X-rays have wavelengths of the order of atomic spacings in crystals, making them ideal for X-ray diffraction (crystal structure determination) (i).

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