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ExamsJEE AdvancedPhysics

Four wave equations are given (x and y/z are in rectangular coordinates): (i) y1 = a sin(w(t - x/v)) (ii) y2 = a cos(w(t + x/v)) (iii) z1 = a sin(w(t - x/v)) (iv) z2 = a cos(w(t + x/v)) Which of the following statements are correct?

  1. Superposing waves (i) and (iii) produces a travelling wave with amplitude a*sqrt(2).
  2. Superposition of waves (ii) and (iii) is not possible.
  3. Superposing waves (i) and (ii) produces a transverse stationary wave with maximum amplitude a*sqrt(2).
  4. Superposing waves (iii) and (iv) produces a transverse stationary wave.

Correct answer: Superposing waves (i) and (ii) produces a transverse stationary wave with maximum amplitude a*sqrt(2).

Solution

Waves (i) and (iii) are in perpendicular planes (y and z) moving in the same direction; their superposition gives a resultant travelling wave of amplitude a*sqrt(2). Waves (i) and (ii) are both in the y-plane but move in opposite directions, forming a standing wave; maximum amplitude is a*sqrt(2). Waves (ii) and (iii) are in perpendicular planes, so their vector resultant is a travelling wave, not impossible. Waves (iii) and (iv) are in the z-plane moving oppositely, forming a standing wave.

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