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Consider the ratio ) a 1 ( ) a 1 ( r + − = to be determined by measuring a dimensionless quantity a. If the error in the measurement of a is Δ a ( Δ a /a << 1), then what is the error Δ r in determining r ?

2 ) a 1 ( a + Δ
2 ) a 1 ( a 2 + Δ
) a 1 ( a 2 2 − Δ
) a 1 ( a a 2 2 − Δ

Correct answer: 2 ) a 1 ( a 2 + Δ

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