JEE Advanced Chemistry: Qualitative Analysis / Analytical Chemistry questions with solutions

Q1. Match the following analytical tests with their observed outcomes: Column I (Test): (A) NO2⁻ + dil. H2SO4 + FeSO4(aq), (B) S²- + Na2[Fe(CN)5NO], (C) Flame test of Ba2+, (D) Pb2+ + excess NaOH Column II (Observation): (P) Purple coloured solution, (Q) Brown ring formation, (R) Colourless solution, (S) Apple-green colour in flame, (T) A complex compound is formed in the product The correct match is:

1. (A)-(P), (B)-(Q), (C)-(R), (D)-(S)
2. (A)-(Q), (B)-(T), (C)-(S), (D)-(R)
3. (A)-(R), (B)-(P), (C)-(S), (D)-(T)
4. (A)-(S), (B)-(R), (C)-(Q), (D)-(T)

Answer: (A)-(Q), (B)-(T), (C)-(S), (D)-(R)

A: NO2⁻ + H2SO4 + FeSO4 produces NO which reacts with FeSO4 to form [Fe(NO)]SO4 (brown ring) -> Q. B: S²- + sodium nitroprusside forms a new coloured complex -> T. C: Ba2+ gives characteristic apple-green flame -> S. D: Pb2+ + excess NaOH -> [Pb(OH)4]²- (colourless plumbate solution) -> R.