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A 3d-transition series element exhibits two oxidation states x and y that differ by two units. Which statement is correct?

1. compounds in oxidation state x are ionic if x > y
2. compounds in oxidation state x are ionic if x < y
3. compounds in oxidation state y are covalent if x < y
4. compounds in oxidation state y are covalent if y < x

Correct answer: compounds in oxidation state x are ionic if x < y

Solution

For a transition metal, the lower oxidation state gives more ionic compounds while the higher state gives more covalent ones; so if x < y, compounds in state x (the lower one) are ionic.

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