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The lanthanide contraction explains which of the following observations?

1. Zr and Hf possess nearly the same atomic radii
2. Zr and Hf have identical chemical properties
3. Zr and Hf have markedly different atomic radii
4. Zr and Hf have completely different properties

Correct answer: Zr and Hf possess nearly the same atomic radii

Solution

Because the lanthanide contraction cancels the normal size increase, Zr and Hf end up with almost equal atomic radii (and therefore very similar chemistry).

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