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In a blast furnace, iron ore is reduced as Fe2O3(s) + 3CO(g) ⇌ 2Fe(l) + 3CO2(g). By Le Chatelier's principle, which of the following changes will NOT disturb the equilibrium?

1. Removal of CO2
2. Addition of Fe2O3
3. Addition of CO2
4. Removal of CO

Correct answer: Addition of Fe2O3

Solution

Fe2O3 is a pure solid, so its amount does not appear in the equilibrium constant; adding it does not shift the equilibrium, whereas changing gaseous CO or CO2 amounts does.

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