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For the exothermic gas-phase equilibrium 2A(g) + B(g) ⇌ 2C(g) + Q kJ, the yield of product C is lowest at:

1. low temperature and low pressure
2. high temperature and high pressure
3. low temperature and high pressure
4. high temperature and low pressure

Correct answer: high temperature and low pressure

Solution

The forward reaction is exothermic (favored by low T) and decreases gas moles from 3 to 2 (favored by high P); therefore high temperature and low pressure both shift equilibrium backward, minimizing the yield of C.

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