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An atom has 3 electrons in its outermost shell and an ns2 np6 nd10 configuration in its penultimate shell. Which of the following statements about this atom is INCORRECT?

1. p-block element
2. 3rd period element
3. 13th group element
4. Boron family element

Correct answer: 3rd period element

Solution

A penultimate shell of ns2 np6 nd10 indicates a completely filled d-subshell below the valence shell, meaning the element is in period 4 (e.g., Ga: [Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p1). It belongs to group 13 (p-block, boron family), but it is a 4th period element, NOT 3rd period. The 3rd period has no d-electrons.

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