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An atom has three electrons in its outermost shell and the configuration ns² np⁶ nd¹⁰ in its penultimate shell. Which of the following statements about this atom is INCORRECT?

1. p-block element
2. 3rd period element
3. 13th group element
4. Boron family element

Correct answer: 3rd period element

Solution

The configuration ns² np⁶ nd¹⁰ in the penultimate shell with 3 valence electrons matches Gallium (Ga, Z=31): [Ar]3d¹⁰ 4s² 4p¹, which is in the 4th period, Group 13, p-block, Boron family. Saying it is a 3rd period element is incorrect.

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