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Which sequence of reactions correctly represents the chemical relationships among sodium and its compounds?

1. Na + O2 -> Na2O --HCl(aq)--> NaCl --CO2--> Na2CO3 --Delta--> Na
2. Na + O2 -> Na2O --H2O--> NaCl --CO2--> Na2CO3 --Delta--> Na
3. Na + H2O -> NaOH --HCl--> NaCl --CO2--> Na2CO3 --Delta--> Na
4. Na + H2O -> NaOH --CO2--> Na2CO3 --HCl(molten)--> NaCl --electrolysis--> Na

Correct answer: Na + H2O -> NaOH --CO2--> Na2CO3 --HCl(molten)--> NaCl --electrolysis--> Na

Solution

Na reacts with water: 2Na + 2H2O -> 2NaOH + H2. NaOH reacts with CO2: 2NaOH + CO2 -> Na2CO3 + H2O. Na2CO3 reacts with HCl: Na2CO3 + 2HCl -> 2NaCl + H2O + CO2. Molten NaCl undergoes Down's electrolysis to give Na metal. This matches option D exactly.

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