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Among the following Group 1 hydroxides, which one has the maximum solubility in water?

1. KOH
2. CsOH
3. LiOH
4. RbOH

Correct answer: CsOH

Solution

Going down Group 1, the lattice energy of hydroxides decreases more steeply than the hydration energy of the metal cation, resulting in increasing solubility. CsOH, at the bottom of the group, has the weakest lattice energy and hence the highest solubility in water.

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