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Match each chemical test with the functional group it identifies. List-I (Test): (A) Baeyer's test, (B) Ceric ammonium nitrate (CAN) test, (C) Phthalein dye test, (D) Schiff's test List-II (Identifies): (I) Phenol, (II) Aldehyde, (III) Alcoholic -OH group, (IV) Unsaturation Choose the correct matching.

1. (A)-(III), (B)-(I), (C)-(IV), (D)-(II)
2. (A)-(II), (B)-(III), (C)-(IV), (D)-(I)
3. (A)-(IV), (B)-(I), (C)-(II), (D)-(III)
4. (A)-(IV), (B)-(III), (C)-(I), (D)-(II)

Correct answer: (A)-(IV), (B)-(III), (C)-(I), (D)-(II)

Solution

(A) Baeyer's test (alkaline KMnO4): decolorized by unsaturated compounds (alkenes, alkynes) => identifies Unsaturation (IV). (B) Ceric ammonium nitrate (CAN) test: gives red/pink color with compounds having alcoholic -OH group => identifies Alcoholic-OH (III). (C) Phthalein dye test: phenol reacts with phthalic anhydride in H2SO4 to give a dye (phenolphthalein) => identifies Phenol (I). (D) Schiff's test (Schiff's reagent / fuchsin-SO2): turns pink/magenta with aldehydes => identifies Aldehyde (II). Correct match: A-IV, B-III, C-I, D-II.

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