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Which of the following statements about alkali metal compounds are correct? (A) The increasing thermal stability of peroxides and superoxides as the size of the alkali metal cation increases is due to stabilisation of the larger anion by the larger cation through lattice energy effects. (B) Larger cations stabilise larger anions, and smaller cations stabilise smaller anions, through lattice energy considerations. (C) The low aqueous solubility of LiF is due to its high lattice energy, whereas the low solubility of CsI is due to its relatively small hydration enthalpy. (D) NaOH is deliquescent because it absorbs moisture from the surrounding air when exposed to the atmosphere.

1. A, B and D only
2. A, B, C and D
3. A and B only
4. B, C and D only

Correct answer: A, B, C and D

Solution

All four statements are correct. A and B correctly describe the size-matching principle for lattice energy. C correctly identifies high lattice energy for LiF (small ions, strong attraction) and low hydration enthalpy for CsI (large ions, weak hydration). D is true: NaOH absorbs atmospheric water and dissolves.

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