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Arrange the following ions in decreasing order of their magnetic moments: (P) V⁴+ (Q) Mn⁴+ (R) Fe³+ (S) Ni²+

1. Q > R > P > S
2. R > S > Q > P
3. R > Q > S > P
4. P > S > R > Q

Correct answer: R > Q > S > P

Solution

Fe³+ has 5 unpaired electrons (mu ≈ 5.92 BM), Mn⁴+ has 3 (mu ≈ 3.87 BM), Ni²+ has 2 (mu ≈ 2.83 BM), and V⁴+ has 1 (mu ≈ 1.73 BM). Hence the decreasing order is R > Q > S > P.

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