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Which one of the following statements about alkali and alkaline earth metal properties is INCORRECT?
- Among all alkali metal cations, Cs+ has the greatest degree of hydration in aqueous solution.
- Among the alkali metals Li, Na, K, and Rb, lithium has the highest melting point.
- Among alkali metal cations in aqueous solution, Li+ has the highest ionic mobility.
- The first ionisation potential of lithium is lower than that of sodium.
Correct answer: Among all alkali metal cations, Cs+ has the greatest degree of hydration in aqueous solution.
Solution
Cs+ is the largest alkali metal cation with the lowest charge-to-radius ratio, so it has the weakest ion-dipole interaction with water and is the LEAST hydrated among alkali metal ions. The claim that Cs+ is most hydrated is therefore incorrect.
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