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A transition metal ion has the d⁶ configuration. When placed in an octahedral crystal field, which of the following correctly describes its electronic arrangement and the condition on the crystal field splitting energy (Delta₀) relative to the pairing energy (P)?
- t2g⁶ eg⁰ configuration forms when Delta₀ is less than P
- t2g⁴ eg² configuration forms when Delta₀ is greater than P
- t2g⁶ eg⁰ configuration forms when Delta₀ is greater than P
- t2g³ eg³ configuration forms when Delta₀ is less than P
Correct answer: t2g⁶ eg⁰ configuration forms when Delta₀ is greater than P
Solution
When Delta₀ > P, it is energetically favorable for all six d-electrons to occupy the lower-energy t2g set (t2g⁶ eg⁰), the low-spin configuration. When Delta₀ < P, electrons spread into eg to avoid pairing (t2g⁴ eg²), the high-spin configuration.
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