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A cascade of three identical modulo-5 counters has an overall modulus of

1. 5
2. 25
3. 125
4. 625

Correct answer: 125

Solution

The overall modulus of a cascade of counters is calculated by raising the modulus of the individual counter to the power of the number of counters. Since each modulo-5 counter has a modulus of 5 and there are three counters, the overall modulus is 5³, which equals 125.

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