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Which of the following fields of an IP header is/are always modified by any router before it forwards the IP packet?

1. Source IP Address
2. Protocol
3. Time to Live (TTL)
4. Header Checksum

Correct answer: Header Checksum

Solution

The Header Checksum is recalculated by routers each time an IP packet is forwarded to ensure data integrity, as the packet may have been altered during transit. This modification is necessary to reflect any changes in the packet's contents or routing information.

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