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Suppose two hosts are connected by a point-to-point link and they are configured to use Stop-and-Wait protocol for reliable data transfer. Identify in which one of the following scenarios, the utilization of the link is the lowest.
- Longer link length and lower transmission rate
- Longer link length and higher transmission rate
- Shorter link length and lower transmission rate
- Shorter link length and higher transmission rate
Correct answer: Longer link length and higher transmission rate
Solution
In the Stop-and-Wait protocol, the utilization is affected by the round-trip time and the time taken to send a packet. A longer link length increases the round-trip time, which means the sender spends more time waiting for an acknowledgment, resulting in lower utilization, even if the transmission rate is higher.
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