Strain hardening of structural steel is

experiencing higher stress than yield stress after yielding
strengthening steel member externally
strain occurring before plastic flow
decrease in the stress experienced

Correct answer: experiencing higher stress than yield stress after yielding

Solution

Strain hardening (or work hardening) is the phenomenon in which a metal requires higher stress to continue deforming after yielding has started. In structural steel, this means the stress rises again as plastic strain increases.

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