A surveyor observes a zenith angle of 93° 00' 00" during a theodolite survey. The corresponding vertical angle is

−03° 00' 00"
+03° 00' 00"
−87° 00' 00"
+87° 00' 00"

Correct answer: −03° 00' 00"

Solution

The zenith angle is measured from the vertical down to the line of sight, so an angle of 93° indicates that the line of sight is 3° below the horizontal plane, resulting in a vertical angle of -3°.

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